Posts Tagged ‘Science’

The Hybrid Car and Petrol Prices

Posted on August 24th, 2009 by by Owen Jones

The appeal and popularity of the hybrid car have grown steadily, especially with the rising concerns about high fuel prices as well as worsening air pollution. Here are some useful bits of information that might help you learn more about hybrid cars and how they may help you save on petrol and be somewhat protected from rising fuel.

A hybrid car is the type of car, or any other vehicle, that makes use of at least two different fuel sources to make it run. Both fuel sources are used together in some instances to help propel the vehicle more efficiently. There are several different combinations of hybrid car possible, but the most common hybrid car so far is the gas-electric hybrid.

The gas-electric hybrid car, also known as the hybrid electric vehicle or HEV, uses of a gasoline internal combustion engine or ICE and a separate electric motor to power it. While the ICE makes use of gasoline to make it go, an electric battery is used to store the electrical energy that powers the hybrid car’s electric motor.

The HEV usually has a gas engine that is smaller in size and weight than the conventional one used in standard gas powered cars. Use of more advanced technology makes this possible and allows the HEV to have better running efficiency as well as substantially reduced polluting emissions.

Aside from the petrol engine, the hybrid electric car also has a specially designed electric motor built in that not only provides added power to the car but also acts as a generator when not being used. The electric motor can act as a generator, in situations where it is not being used to drive the hybrid car, to help charge the battery for added efficiency.

In a usual HEV set up, the car uses its electric motor when being propelled at very low speeds, say, in heavy traffic. The gasoline engine acts as a secondary power source when the HEV requires much more power, such as when climbing a hill. The gas engine also compensates the electric motor with power whenever the car needs it in order to go faster such as when overtaking. The gas and the electric motor can also work together at certain cases if necessary.

Because the hybrid electric car uses both an electric motor as well as a petrol engine, a substantial improvement in car mileage is achieved. A hybrid electric vehicle or HEV can run longer distances using the same amount of fuel compared to a conventional petrol powered car.

When the electric motor is being used, petrol consumption is reduced. This results in quite a bit less gas being used when running the same distance as a traditional gas powered vehicle. And because the hybrid electric car has a smaller, lighter gas engine, the hybrid car also runs more efficiently because of less engine weight compared to a conventional car’s engine.

The working components of the hybrid car engine are also smaller and so require less energy to move. The resulting efficiency makes the hybrid electric car quite a great option for people worried about rising petrol prices. Using a hybrid car can help motorists save a substantial amount of petrol when traveling. Not only that, using the hybrid car can also help in reducing polluting emissions by using less gas while driving.

Electricity And Its Origins

Posted on August 7th, 2009 by by Tom Norman

Over the last 200 years, electricity has become an essential part of most aspects of modern life. One of the first successful, publicly available applications of electricity was the early incandescent light bulb.

The electric overhaul of society obviously brought many fresh new dangers with it, but it eliminated some of the old ones, like the naked flames of gas lighting that was commonly used in homes and factories then.

The Joule heating process takes place in light bulbs, and also in electric heating. Many people have condemned electric heating as uneconomic because effectively, heat energy is being used (in power stations) on mass to create heat for houses.

Denmark (among a few other countries) has issued a new law restricting electric heating use in new buildings, if allowed at all. As well as heating, electricity provides a hugely beneficial source of refrigeration. As temperatures get hotter, the demand for air conditioning gets higher, increasing the amount of energy used, and so climate change is increasing in a snowball effect.

Another area that depends on electricity to function is telecommunication. The electric telegraph was in fact one of the first ways in which electricity was used successfully.

In the 1860s, electricity had made global communication possible with the first intercontinental telegraph systems (this was of course before the telephone) and then the first transatlantic ones. Since then, satellite communication and optical fibre have taken a share of the communications market, but electricity is sure to remain a vital part of the process.

You can visibly see electromagnetism best in an electric motor, which is one of the best providers of clean, motive power. A motor that doesn’t move, like that of a winch, can easily be powered by an external source, but an electric motor that needs to move with its application, like an electric scooter, must carry a power supply such as a battery along with it, unless it uses a pantograph like cable cars.

The transistor is undoubtedly one of the most important breakthrough inventions of the 1900s. All modern electrical circuits use one to direct the right amount of electricity flow to the right application. Several billion tiny transistors can fit into only a few centimetres.

Plug-in Hybrid Cars vs Hybrid Cars

Posted on August 5th, 2009 by by Colin Jones

Hybrid cars are on everyone’s lips these days. Twenty, forty, or fifty dollars for a tank of fuel? Who really wants to pay that sort of money? But, frustrated, the petrol customer sighs, but pays up. However, hybrid vehicles are being richly applauded for the small amount of gas they need to operate, and they are flying off the forecourts of car dealerships each and everyday in ever increasing numbers.

But what about a plug-in hybrid? Most consumers have heard that these cars are great as well. Then, a person might be asking him or herself, what exactly a plug-in hybrid is? How do they work, and what the difference between a plug-in hybrid and a regular hybrid is?

Plug-in hybrids are capable of running solely on batteries, but they can run on gas also. These kinds of hybrid cars have some of the characteristics of hybrid vehicles. They are also very similar to all-electric vehicles.

Plug-in hybrid cars must be charged externally by plugging them into an electrical power source. The combustion engine of plug-in hybrid vehicles is used only as a back up. These cars can run only on batteries if so desired, but it is to be expected that these kinds of hybrid cars be plugged in daily.

Hybrid cars can go just as many miles as a conventional car. Designed to go the extra mile where fuel-mileage is concerned, hybrids can be driven on the highway, in cities, or wherever else a person needs to drive.

On the other hand, plug-in hybrids are designed to handle commuter-type distances, meaning between twenty and sixty miles between destinations. This way, the plug-in hybrid does not have to use its back up combustion engine, but plug-in hybrids can go further using fuel as well.

Hybrids help to minimize pollution, but they still pollute the air. Compared with plug-in hybrids, hybrid cars still have a long way to go where pollution is concerned. Since plug-in hybrid cars can run solely on their battery power, they don’t have to emit waste fuel emissions. That means that plug-in hybrids don’t have to pollute the atmosphere.

Plug-in hybrids actually do combat greenhouse gas emissions and plug-in hybrids use virtually no oil imported or not. Studies have shown that electric hybrids emit at least 67% less greenhouse gases compared to petrol cars. Since the product used to power plug-in hybrids is renewable, the difference in greenhouse gas emissions may be even greater than the study determined.

There you have it – the major differences between plug-in hybrids and regular hybrid cars. It could make a big difference, but you would be surprised at how little it actually matters at the moment, but tht’s only because plug-in hybrids are not being marketed to consumers yet! But this article should make you enthusiastic about the fantastic plug-in hybrid car, which will be featuring soon on a forecourt near you.

And it’s going to be a great debut too. People already really like regular hybrid cars, but they haven’t seen anything until they see the new plug-in hybrid cars. However, for now, maybe they should just be satisfied with what they have, because who knows? Before plug-in hybrid cars come out, something even better might be introduced onto the market.